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UNIX¬O¤@­Ó¦h¤H¦h¥\ªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A¦]¬°¬O¡u¦h¤H¡v¡A©Ò¥H¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥²¶·­n¦³¤@­Ó¡u±b¸¹¡v¤~¯à³Q¤ ¹³¶i¤J UNIX Àô¹Ò¤¤¤u§@¡A¦Ó³o­Ó¶i¤J¦Û¤v±b¸¹ªº°Ê§@´N¬O©Ò¿×ªº¡uñ¤J¡v¡C

¦b¥H©¹²ßºD¤W¡A¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±`±`±Ä¥Î NCSA ³q°T³nÅé¥Ñ PC ñ¤J¤u§@¯¸¡A§Y¦b DOS ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¤UÁä¤J¦p¤U«ü¥O¡G ­^¤å¼Ò¦¡¤U

        telnet [¤u§@¯¸]

¤¤¤å¼Ò¦¡¤U(»Ý¥ý¶i¤J¤¤¤å¨t²Î)
        ncutel [¤u§@¯¸]
nctutel [¤u§@¯¸]
nsysutel [¤u§@¯¸]

¥t¥~¡A±z¤]¥i¥H§Q¥Îµøµ¡Àô¹Ò¤U¡A¥]¬A WIDOWS 3.1¤Î WINDOWS 95¡B©Î¬O³Áª÷¶ð PC¡Aªº¦UºØ³q°T³nÅé¡A¦p SPTNET¡BNETTERM... µ¥µ¥³s¤W UNIX ¥D¾÷¡A¦p:

¡@¡@¦ÓµL½×§A±Ä¥Î¦óºØ¤è¦¡¡A¦b³s±µ¤W¤§«á¡A±z³£±N¨Ì§Ç³Q¸ß°Ý¡G

1. Login:¡@¡@¡@¡@(½Ð¿é¤J±b¸¹¦WºÙ )
2. Password:¡@¡@ (½Ð¿é¤J±K½X )

­Y±b¸¹¦WºÙ»P±K½XµL»~¡A´N¥i¥H¶¶§Q¦a¶i¤J­Ó¤Hªº±b¸¹¤¤¡C­nª`·Nªº¬O¡G¦b UNIX Àô¹Ò¤¤¡A¥]¬A±b¸¹»P±K½Xªº¿é¤J¡A¨C­Ó¦r¥Àªº¤j¤p¼g¨Ã¤£¤¬³q¡A¦]¦¹­Y¿é¤J±b¸¹©Î±K½X®É ¤j¤p¼g·d¿ù¡A«KµLªk¶¶§Q¶i¤J±b¸¹¤¤¡C

¦Ü©ó¡uñ°h¡v«h¬O«üÂ÷¶}¦Û¤v±b¸¹ªº°Ê§@¡A ¥i¨Ï¥Îªº«ü¥O¦³ exit¡Blogout¡A©Î«ö¥\¯àÁä CTRL-d¡C

ªþµù¡G
­pºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß²{¦³ Y11¡BY12¡B...Y16 µ¥¤C³¡¤u§@¯¸´£¨Ñµ¹¦P¾Ç¨Ï¥Î¡A¥u­n¬O¿ì§´µù¥U¤âÄòªº¦P¾Ç´N¥i¥H¦b³o¨Ç¤u§@¯¸¤W¾Ö¦³¤@­Ó±b¸¹¡A±b¸¹¦WºÙ¬°¡G

    ¤j¾Ç³¡¡G¦r¥À u ¥[­Ó¤H¾Ç¸¹¡A¦p u830101¡C
    ºÓ¤h¯Z¡G¦r¥À g ¥[­Ó¤H¾Ç¸¹¡A¦pg831012¡C
    ³Õ¤h¯Z¡G¦r¥À d ¥[­Ó¤H¾Ç¸¹¡A¦p d832005¡C
±K½X«h¬O­Ó¤Hªº¨­¤ÀÃÒ½s¸¹ ( ¶}ÀYªº­^¤å¦r¥À¶·¤j¼g )¡F ¦Ü©ó±Ð¾­û«h»Ý´£¥X¥Ó½Ð¡A¦b«Ø¦n±b¸¹«á¥t¦æ³qª¾¡C

¤G¡BHOME DIRECTORY ªºÆ[©À

unix ¤D¬O¤@¦h¤H¦h¥\ªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A¤]´N¬O»¡¡A¦b¦P¤@­Ó®É¶¡¤º¡A ³q±`·|¦³³\¦h¤H¦b¦P¼Ë¤@³¡¾÷¾¹¤W¡B¶i¦æµÛ³\¦h¤£¦Pªº¤u§@¡C ¦]¦¹¡A UNIX¤£¥i¯àÅý©Ò¦³ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¶i¤J®Ú¥Ø¿ý¡AÀH¤ß©Ò±ýªº°µ¦U¤H·Q°µªº¨Æ¡A¦Ó³y ¦¨¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¶¡Àɮת¬ºAªº½Ä¬ð¡C

°w¹ï³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A UNIX ªº¸Ñ¨M¤è¦¡¬O¡G±NºÏºÐªÅ¶¡°µ¤@§¹¾ãªº³W¹º¡Aµ¹¨C¤@­Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¯à¦³¤@­Ó§¹¥þÄÝ©ó¥L¦Û¤vªººÏºÐªÅ¶¡¡A¤£­P©ó¦³¯}Ãa§O¤HÀɮשÎÀɮ׳Q§O¤H¯}Ãaªº±¡ªpµo¥Í¡A¦Ó³o­ÓÄÝ©ó­Ó¤HªººÏºÐªÅ¶¡(¤@ ­Ó¥Ø¿ý)¡A´N¬O­Ó¤H¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº Home Directory¡C

­Ó¤Hªº Home Directory ªº¦ì¸m³q±`¬O¦]¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌªº³W¹º¦Ó¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡A¦p«Ø¦b /usr2/u/cc¡B/usr2/u/ee ©³¤Uµ¥µ¥(¡@'/' §Y¬Û·í©ó DOS ¤¤ªº '\'¡A¥Nªí®Ú¥Ø¿ý©Î¸ô®|¤¤¥Ø¿ý¶¡ªº°Ï¹j²Å¸¹)¡AUNIX ¬O¥HÅÜ¼Æ HOME ¨ÓÀx¦s±b¸¹ªº Home Directory ªº©Ò¦b¦ì¸m¡A±z¥i¦b UNIX À6¹Ò¤¤¥H¤U¦C«ü¥O±oª¾±b¸¹ Home Directory ªº¦ì¸m¡G

      echo $HOME

¥t¥~¡AµL½×§Ú­Ì±N¥Ø¿ý§ó´«¨ì¨º­Ó¦ì¸m¡A¥u­n¨Ï¥Î 'cd' «ü¥O¡B¤£¥[¥ô¦ó°Ñ¼Æ¡A§Y¥i¦^¨ì¦Û¤vªº Home Directory ¥Ø¿ý¤¤¡C

¤T¡BUNIX°ò¥»«ü¥O

1. man [CMD]

¥i¬d¾\©R¥O[CMD]ªº¥Î³~¡B»yªk¡B°Ñ¼Æ¤Î¬ÛÃö°T®§¡A¦p

            man ls  ©Î   man rm
§Y¥i¬d¬Ý ls ©Î rm «ü¥O¤§¥Îªk¡A¥t man intro' ¥i¬d¬Ý¦b UNIX ¤¤©Ò¦³ªº¥i¨Ï¥Î«ü¥O¡C

2. passwd

¥i§ó§ï¦Û¤vªº±K½X¡A¥H´î¤Ö³Q¤J«Iªº¾÷·|¡C¦¹«ü¥O°õ¦æ«á¡A»Ý¥ý¿é¤J±K½X¡A¦b®Ö¹ïµL»~«á¤~¶}©l¿é¤J·s±K½X¡A¦p¡G

       Old password:    (¿é¤J­ì¨ÓªºÂ±K½X)
       New password:    (¿é¤J·Q­nªº·s±K½X)
       Retype new password:     (¦A¿é¤J¤@¦¸·s±K½X¥H°µ½T»{)
3. touch [FILE]

²£¥Í¤@­ÓÀɮפj¤p¬°0ªºªÅÀɮסC

4. mkdir [DIR]

²£¥Í¤@·sªºªÅ¥Ø¿ý¡A[dir]¬°¥Ø¿ý¦WºÙ¡C

5. rmdir [DIR]

§R°£¤@ªÅ¥Ø¿ý(­Y­n§R°£ªº¤£¬OªÅ¥Ø¿ý¡A«h¥Îrm -r [DIR]«ü¥O¥[¥H§R°£)¡C

6. cd [DIR]

¥i§ó´«²{¦æ¥Ø¿ý¡A­Y¤£«ü©w¥Ø¿ý¦WºÙ(¥u¤U'cd')¡A«h¬O±N²{¦æ¥Ø¿ý§ó´«¨ì¦Û¤vªºHOME DIRECTORY¡C

7. pwd

Åã¥Ü¥Ø«e©Ò¦bªº¥Ø¿ý¦ì¸m¡C

8. ls [-al] [DIR]

Åã¥Ü²{¦æ¥Ø¿ý©Î«ü©w¥Ø¿ýªºÀɮ׸ê®Æ¡A­Y¥[¤W'-a'°Ñ¼Æ¥i±NÁôÂÃÀÉ(ÀɦW¥H'.'¶}ÀYªºÀÉ®×)ªº¸ê®Æ¤@¨ÖÅã¥Ü¡F­Y¥[¤W'-l'°Ñ¼Æ«h¥iÅã¥Ü¸û¸Ô²ÓªºÀɮ׸ê®Æ¡A¦pÀÉ®×¾Ö¦³ªÌ¡BÀɮפj¤p¡B²£¥Í¤é´Á... µ¥¡C

9. rm [FILE]

§R°£¤@­Ó©Î¦h­ÓÀɮסA­Y¥[¤W'-r'°Ñ¼Æ«h¥i§R°£¤@¥Ø¿ý¤Î¦¹¥Ø¿ý¤Uªº©Ò¦³ÀɮסC

10. mv [FILES1] [ [FILES2] or [DIR]] ]

±N[FILES1]§ï¦W¬°[FILES2]¡A©Î±N¥¦ªº¦ì¸m²¾¨ì[DIR]¥Ø¿ý¤U¡C

11. cp [FILES1] [ [[FILES2] OR [DIR]] ]

±N[FILES1]«þ¨©¤@¥÷¡B©R¦W¬°[FILES2]©Î©ñ¨ì[DIR]¥Ø¿ý¤U¡A¥B[[FILES2] or [dir]]¬O¤£¯à¬Ù²¤ªº¡A­Y­n±N¬Y¤@Àɮ׫þ¨©¨ì²{¦æ¥Ø¿ý¤¤¡A½Ð¤U cp [FILE] .

12. echo [STRING]

¦bµe­±¤WÅã¥Ü¤@¦r¦ê©Î¤@ÅܼƤº®e¡A¦p

            echo $HOME     Åã¥ÜHOMEÅܼƤ§¤º®e
            echo $SHELL    Åã¥ÜSHELLÅܼƤ§¤º®e
13. cat [FILE]

Åã¥ÜÀɮתº¤º®e¡B¥B¤£¤À­¶¡C

14. more [FILE] ©Î pg [FILE]

¤À­¶Åã¥ÜÀɮפº®e¡A¶W¹L¤@­¶ªºÀÉ®×¥i¥Î¸õ¨ì¤U¤@­¶¡B'b'¸õ¦^¤W¤@­¶¡B'q'°±¤îÀɮתºÅã¥Ü¡C

15. clear

²M°£µe­±¤W©Ò¦³°T®§¡C

16. grep [STRING] [FILE]

¦bÀɮפ¤´M§ä¬Y¤@¦r¦ê¡B¨Ã±N§t¦³¦¹¦r¦êªº¨º¦æ¸ê®ÆÅã¥Ü¦bµe­±¤W¡A¦p¡G

            grep jlin /etc/passwd
¤]¥i¥Î'|'ªþ¥[©ó¬Y¤@«ü¥O¤§«á¡A§@¥Î¦b©ó¹LÂo±N¥X²{ªº°T®§¡A¦p
            ls -al|grep log
§Y¥uÅã¥ÜÀɮ׸ê®Æ¤¤§t¦³'log'³o­Ó¦r¦êªº¨º´X¦æ¸ê®Æ¡C

17. whereis [COMMAND]

·í±z¤£²M·¡¬Y¤@©R¥Oªº©Ò¦b¸ô®|®É¡A¥i¥Î³o­Ó«ü¥OÀ°¦£´M§ä¡A¦¹«ü¥O¥\¯à»Pwhich«ü¥OÃþ¦ü¡C

18. find

®Ú¾ÚÀɦW(-name)©Î¨ä¥L¯S©Ê´M§äÀɮתº©Ò¦b¡A¨Ã¤£«]©ó©R¥OÀɪº´M§ä¡A¦p

            find / -name passwd -print
§Y¦Û®Ú(/)¶}©l¡B©¹¤U´M§äÀɦW¬°passwdªºÀɮסB¨Ã±N¤§¦C¦L¨ì¿Ã¹õ¤W(-print)¡C

19. ps

Åã¥Ü¦Uprocessªº½s¸¹(PID)¡B°õ¦æª¬ºAµ¥¡A¦p©R¥O¬OIDLE¡BTERMINATED¡BSLEEP©ÎRUNNABLE¡C

20. kill [-9] [PID]

±NÄÝ©ó¦Û¤wªº¬Y¤@­ÓPROCESS§R°£¡A¤£¦A°õ¦æ¡C

21. df

Åã¥Ü©Òñ¤J¾÷¾¹¤W¦³¨º¨ÇÀɮרt²Î(Ãþ¦üDOSªººÏºÐ)¡B¤Î¦UÀɮרt²ÎªÅ¶¡ªº¨Ï¥Î±¡ªp¡C

22. quota -v

¥i¬Ý¥X¬Y¦ì¨Ï¥ÎªÌºÏºÐªÅ¶¡¡BÀɮ׭Ӽƪº°tÃB¤Î°tÃB¨Ï¥Î¤Wªº±¡ªp¡A¦p¡G

    Disk quotas for jlin (uid 108):
    Filesystem     usage  quota  limit    timeleft  files  quota  limit  timeleft
    /a/thccy14/usr4/oz
                    6410  25000  30000                104    950   1000
­Y usage ¶W¹L quota¡Aªí¥Ü©Ò¨Ï¥ÎªººÏºÐªÅ¶¡¤w¶W¹L°tÃB¡A¦¹®É¶·»°§Ö²M°£¤£¥²­nªºÀɮסA§_«h¨t²Î±N¦b´Á­­¨ì´Á(±q¶W¹L°tÃB°_¤C¤Ñ«á)ÀH¾÷§R°£±zªºÀɮסA¥B¨Ï¥ÎªººÏºÐªÅ¶¡­Y ¶W¹L°tÃB¡A¦b¨Ï¥Î¹q¤l¶l¥ó¦¬«H®É¤]·|¦³¤£¯à¦¬«Hªº±¡ªpµo¥Í¡A¶·¯S§Oª`·N¡C

23. nslookup [IP or DOMAIN NAME]

¥H¥D¾÷ªºIP¡BDOMAIN NAME©Î§O¦W(ALIAS)¤TªÌ¤§¤@¬d¸ß³o³¡¥D¾÷ªº³o¤TºØ¸ê®Æ¡C

24. ping [IP]

¥i¶Ç°e¤@¨Ç°T®§¨ìºô¸ô¤W¬Y¤@©wÂI¡A¥H¬O§_¦¬¨ì¤@¨Ç¦^À³¨Ó´úµø©Ò¦b¦ì¸m©M³o¤@©wÂI¶¡ºô¸ô¬O§_³qºZ¡C

25. who or w

¦C¥X©Ò¦³¦b½u¤Wªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¤Î¨äñ¤J®É¶¡¡B¦aÂI¡B¤Î¥¿¦b¶i¦æ¤¤ªº«ü¥O¡C

26. finger [ID]@[MACHINE]

Æ[¹î¦b¬Y³¡¾÷¾¹¤Wªº¬Y­Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº±¡ªp¡A¦p³Ì«á¤@¦¸Ã±¤Jªº®É¶¡¡B¬Ý«Hªº®É¶¡...¡C

27. chsh

§ïÅÜñ¤J®É©Ò¥Îªºshell(¬°unixªº©R¥O½sĶ¾¹)¡A±`¨£ªºshell¦psh¡Bcsh¡Btcsh¡Bbash...µ¥¡A·í°õ¦æ¦¹©R¥O®É±N³Q¸ß°Ý¡G New shell: ¦¹®É¡A½Ð¿é¤Jshellªº§¹¾ã¸ô®|¡A¦p/bin/csh(¥i°Ñ¦Ò/etc/shellsÀɮתº¤º®e)¡C

¥|¡BÀɮתºMODE

UNIXÀɮרt²Î¤¤¡AÀɮפΥؿý¦WºÙ¨Ã¤£¹³DOS¨t²Î¦³¤£¯à¶W¹L8­Ó¦r¤¸ªº­­¨î¡A¤]¨S¦³°ÆÀɦW¡A¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥iµø¦Û¤vªº»Ý­n¨M©wÀɦWªº§Î¦¡»Pªø«×¡C ¦¹¥~¡AUNIXÀɮרt²Îªº³Ì¤j¯S¦â¦b©ó¡G¥¦¨t²Î¤Uªº¨C¤@­ÓÀɮשΥؿý³£¦³¥¦­Ì¦Û¤vªºmode¡G·í±z¥H'ls -l'«ü¥O¬d¬ÝÀɮת¬ªp®É¡AÀ³¸Ó·|¬Ý¨ì¦p¤UªºÃþ¦ü°T®§¡G

    drwxrwx---  2 jlin        512 Dec 31 08:39  Mail
    -rw-r--r--  1 jlin        191 Feb  2 14:43  memm
    -rwxrwxrwx  1 jlin         13 Feb 16 12:26  test
°T®§¤¤ªº²Ä¤@­Ó¦r¤¸Åã¥ÜÀɮתººØÃþ¡A¥¦¥i¯à¬O¡G
    d    ªí¥Ü¬O¤@­Ó¥Ø¿ý
    -    ªí¥Ü¬O¤@¯ëªºÀÉ®×
    l    °µ¤F¸óÀɮרt²Î³sµ²(SYMBOLIC LINK)ªºÀɮשΥؿý
±µ¤U¨Óªº¤E­Ó¦r¥À«h¨Ì§Ç¤À¬°¤T²Õ¡A¤À§O¥NªíÀÉ®×¾Ö¦³ªÌ(USER)¡B»PÀÉ®×¾Ö¦³ªÌÄÝ©ó¦P¤@­Ógroupªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ(Group)¡B¨ä¥L¨Ï¥ÎªÌ(Others)µ¥¤T²Õ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¹ï³o­ÓÀɮתº¦s¨úÅv­­¡A¦Ó¨C¤@²Õ ªº¤T­Ó¦r¤¸¨Ì¦¸¥Nªí¸Ó²Õ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¹ï³o­ÓÀÉ®×Ū(read¡A¥Nªí¼Æ¦r¬O4)¡B¼g(write¡B¥Nªí¼Æ¦r¬O2)¡B°õ¦æ(execute¡B¥Nªí¼Æ¦r¬O1)ªºÅv§Q¡A­Y¦ì¸m¤W¥X²{'-'¡A«hªí¥Ü¥¦©Ò¥NªíªºÅv­­¬O ³Q¸T¤îªº¡C¦p¤W­zªº

¥Ñ©óUNIXÀɮרt²Îªº³oºØ¯S©Ê¡A§Ú­Ì¥iÂǵ۹ïÀɮשΥؿý'mode'ªº±±¨î¡A¦Ó¹F¨ì±±¨îÀɮ׫O±K©Êªº¥Øªº¡CÀÉ®×¾Ö¦³ªÌ¥i¨Ï¥Î¦p¤U«ü¥O¨Ó§ïÅÜÀɮפΥؿýªº'mode'¡G

    chmod nnn [FILE]
¨ä¤¤nnn¤T­Ó¼Æ¦r¨Ì¦¸¥Nªíuser¡Bgroup»POthersªºÅv§Qª¬ºA¡An³Ì¤j¬°7¡B³Ì¤p¬°0¡A¬O¦UÅv­­¥Nªí¼Æ¦rªº©M¡C
        n           Åv§Qª¬ºA
        ¢w          ¢w¢w¢w¢w
        0           ---  ( 0+0+0 )
        1           --x  ( 0+0+1 )
        2           -w-  ( 0+2+0 )
        3           -wx  ( 0+2+1 )
        4           r--  ( 4+0+0 )
        5           r-x  ( 4+0+1 )
        6           rw-  ( 4+2+0 )
        7           rwx  ( 4+2+1 )
¦p°õ¦æ
        chmod 444 test
«htestªºmodeÅܦ¨
    -r--r--r--  1 jlin         13 Feb 16 12:26  test
¹ï©Ò¦³ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¨Ó»¡¡Atest³£¬O¤@­Óread onlyªºÀɮסA¦p¦¹§Ú­Ì´N¥i¨ÌÀɮתº­«­n©Ê¤Î¦w¥þ©Êªº¦Ò¼{¡A¶}©ñ¦Û¤vªºÀɮסA¥H´Á¹F¨ì¸ê·½¦@¨É¡A©ÎÃö³¬¦Û¤vªºÀɮסA¥H¹F¨ì¾÷±K©Ê»P¦w¥þ©Êªº­n¨D¡C

¤­¡BÀɮתº³sµ²

¦]¨Ï¥Î¤Wªº»Ý­n¡A§Ú­Ì¥²¶·Åý¬Y¤@­ÓÀɮצP®É¦s©ñ¦b³\¦h¤£¦Pªº¸ô®|¤U¡A¦ý­Y¨Ï¥Î'cp'«ü¥O¡A§â³o­ÓÀɮ׫þ¨©¨ì¦U¸ô®|¤U¡A«h¦P¤@¥÷¸ê®Æ´N¦û¾Ú¤F¦h¥÷ªººÏºÐªÅ ¶¡¡A¤£¥¹³y¦¨ºÏºÐªÅ¶¡ªº®ö¶O¡A¥B·íÀɮפº®e»Ý°µ§ó°Ê®É¡A§Ú­Ì¤]¥²»Ý¤@¤@¥[¥H­×¥¿¡A¬J³Â·Ð¤S¥i¯à·|¦³¿òº|¡A¹ê«D¨}µ¦¡C

¦bUNIX¨t²Î¤¤¡A§Ú­Ì¥i¥Î'ln'«ü¥O°µÀɮתº³sµ²¥H¸Ñ¨M¤W­zªº§xÂZ¡A«ü¥Oªº¤Uªk¬°¡G

    ln [FILE1] [FILE2]
§Y§â[FILE1]³o­ÓÀɮ׸ê®Æ¦bºÏºÐ¤¤¦s©ñªº°_©l¦ì¸m¦s©ñ¨ì[FILE2]¤¤¡A´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A[FILE2]ªº¤º®e¥u¬O¤@­Ó«ü¼Ð¡A¥¦«ü¦V[FILE1]ªº¸ê®ÆÀx¦s°Ï¡A·í¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©I¥s[FILE2]®É¡A¨t²Î´N¨ì¥¦©Ò°O¸üªº¦ì¸m¤WŪ¨ú [FILE1]ªº¸ê®Æ¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¡A­Y¸ê®Æ¸g¹L­×§ï«á¦sÀÉ¡A¤]¬O¦s¨ì¥¦©Ò°O¸üªº«ü¼Ð¦ì¸m¡C

³o­Ó§@ªk¥i¥H¨Ï¦U¸ô®|¤U©Ò¦³³sµ²°_¨ÓªºÀɮסA¯à°µ¦P¨Bªº­×§ï¡AÁקK¾Þ§@¤Wªº³Â·Ð©Î¿òº|¡A¦P®É¤]¥i¥HÁקK¦P¤@¸ê®Æ­«½Æ¨Ï¥ÎºÏºÐªÅ¶¡¡B³y¦¨®ö¶O¡A¬°UNIXÀɮרt²Îªº¤@¤j¯S¦â¡C

PS. ­Y±ý³sµ²ªº¨â­ÓÀɮפÀÄݨâ­Ó¤£¦PªºÀɮרt²Î¡A«h³sµ²®É¶·¥[¤W'-s'°Ñ¼Æ¡A°µ©Ò¿×Symbolic Link¡A¦p¡G

        ln -s [FILE1] [FILE2]

¤»¡BVI½s¿è¾¹ªº¨Ï¥Î

vi¬OUNIX¨t²Î¤ºªþªº¥þ¿Ã¹õ½s¿è¾¹¡A¥u­n±zªº¾÷¾¹¨Ï¥ÎUNIX§@·~¨t²Î¡A±z´N´X¥G¤@©w¦³vi¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¡Avi¦b¨Ï¥Î®É¤À¬°¤T­Ó¼Ò¦¡¡G

1. ¤å¦r¿é¤J¼Ò¦¡(Text Input Mode)
2. ©R¥O¼Ò¦¡(Command Mode)
3. ¦C©R¥O¼Ò¦¡(Last Line Mode)
·í§Ú­Ì¥H'vi [FILE]'«ü¥O¶i¤Jvi½s¿è¾¹®É¡A´N¬O¦b©R¥O¼Ò¦¡ª¬ºA¤U¡A¦¹®É¥i¨Ï¥Î´å¼ÐÁä¦b¸ê®Æ°Ï¤º²¾°Ê´å¼Ð¡A¦ýµLªk¿é¤J¸ê®Æ¡A¥²¶·¥H¤U¦C¥ô¤@©R¥OÁä¶i¤J¤å¦r½s¿è¼Ò¦¡¡A¤~¯à¿é¤J¸ê®Æ¡G

    a    Append Data
    A    Append Data on the End of th Line
    i    Insert Data
    o    Insert a New Line Below
    O    Insert a New Line Above

¶i¤J¤å¦r½s¿è¼Ò¦¡«á¡A§Y¥i¶}©l½s¿è¡A¦b½s¿è¹Lµ{¤¤¡A¥i¥Î[return]Áä´«¦æ¡A¥Î[backspace]§R°£´å¼Ð«eªº¦r¤¸¡A´å¼ÐÁä«h¥¢¥h¥\¯à¡A±z±Nµo²{¨Ï¥Î´å¼ÐÁä¥u·|¬Ý¨ì¤@¨Ç¶Ã½X¡A¦¹®É«ö [esc]´N·|¦A¦^¨ì©R¥O¼Ò¦¡¡A´å¼ÐÁ䪺¥\¯à¤]¦A«×«ì´_¡C

¦b©R¥O¼Ò¦¡¤¤°£¤F¤W­za¡Bi¡Bo¡BOµ¥«ü¥O¥~¡A©|¦³¡G

    dd    §R°£¤@¦æ
    dw    §R°£¤@­Ó¦r²Õ(word)
    x     §R°£¤@­Ó¦r¤¸¡A'4x'§Y¬Û·í©ó¤U'xxxx'
    r     ±N´å¼Ð©Ò¦b¦ì¸mªº¦r¤¸§ó§ï¦¨µy«á¿é¤Jªº¦r¤¸
    R     ±N¤@¦r²Õ§ó´«¬°µy«á¿é¤Jªº¦r²Õ
    u     ¨ú®ø«e¤@­Ó«ü¥O¡A«ì´_¥¼¤U«ü¥O«e¤§ª¬ªp
    U     ¨ú®ø¤§«e¤U¹Lªº©Ò¦³«ü¥O
    /[STRING]   ¦b¸ê®Æ¤¤´M§ä[STRING]³o­Ó¦r¦ê¡A
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DOS                  UNIX              Description
=================    ================    ===================
\                    /                   ®Ú¥Ø¿ý
.                    .                   ²{¦b©Ò¦b¥Ø¿ý
..                   ..                  ¤W¤@¼h¥Ø¿ý
attrib +r [FILE]     chmod 444 [FILE]    ³]©wÀɮתºÄÝ©Ê
cd                   pwd                 Åã¥Ü²{¦æ¸ô®|
cd [DIR]             cd [DIR]            §ó´«²{¦æ¥Ø¿ý¦ì¸m
chkdsk               df, du, quota       Åã¥ÜºÏºÐªÅ¶¡¨Ï¥Îª¬ªp
cls                  clear, tput clear   ²M°£µe­±¤Wªº°T®§
command              sh                  ±Ò°Ê©R¥O½sĶ¾¹
comp [FILE1] [FILE2] cmp [FILE1] [FILE2] ¤ñ¸û¨âÀɮ׶¡¤§¤£¦P
copy [FILE1] [FILE2] cp [FILE1] [FILE2]  Àɮפ§«þ¨©
date, time           date                Åã¥Ü¨t²Î®É¶¡
del [FILE]           rm [FILES]          §R°£ÀÉ®×
deltree [DIR]        rm -r [DIR]         §R°£¤@­Ó¥Ø¿ý
dir                  ls -al              Åã¥Ü¥Ø¿ý¤UªºÀɮ׸ê®Æ
echo [STRING]        echo "[STRING]"       Åã¥Ü¤@¦r¦ê
exit                 exit                Â÷¶}¤@©R¥O½sĶ¾¹
find "[STRING]" [FILE] grep [STRING] [FILES] ´M§ä¤@¦r¦ê
md [DIR] mkdir [DIRS] ²£¥Í¤@¥Ø¿ý
more < [FILE] more [FILES] ¤À­¶Åã¥ÜÀɮפº®e
move [FILE] [DIR] mv [FILE] [DIR] §ïÅÜÀɮצì¸m©ÎÀɦW
print [FILES] lp [FILES] ¦C¦LÀÉ®×
                     lpr [FILES]
rd [DIR]             rmdir [DIRS]        §R°£¤@ªÅ¥Ø¿ý
ren [FILE1] [FILE2]  mv [FILE1] [FILE2]  §ïÅÜÀɮצWºÙ
set                  set                 ¦C¥XÀô¹ÒÅܼÆ
sort < [FILE]        sort [FILES]        ±NÀɮױƧÇ
type [FILE]          cat [FILES]         ¤£¤À­¶Åã¥ÜÀɮפº®e
ver                  uname -a            Åã¥Ü§@·~¨t²Îª©¥»
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